Expulsion1
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Prussian expulsion of Jews from Thorn
After Prussia took the town, Jews were ordered to leave in 1793; they gained a temporary respite but were expelled in 1797.
- By
- Prussian government
- Where
- Toruń (Thorn), West Prussia, Poland
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Toruń (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Expulsions record persecution of Jews, not wrongdoing by Jews. Why this matters
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
Massacre / pogrom5
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Galatz ritual-murder accusation and mob attack
A ritual-murder charge at Galatz led a mob to drive Jews from their homes, rob and kill them, drown some in the Danube and burn others in the synagogue.
- By
- Christian mob
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Romania (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Mob attacks Jewish quarter and ransacks synagogues
After the French army withdrew from Pesaro, a mob attacked the Jewish quarter and plundered the synagogues.
- By
- Mob
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Pesaro (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Guild attacks on Jewish moneylenders in Torun
In the latter half of the 18th century, members of the guilds attacked some Jews who lent money at interest to craftsmen together with guildmasters.
- By
- Guild members
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Toruń (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Haidamak massacres of Jews in Bershad
In the 18th century Haidamak gangs killed Jews of Bershad.
- By
- Haidamak gangs
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Bershad (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Frequent pogroms against the Jews of Meknès
After Meknès lost its status as capital in 1790, the Jewish community was repeatedly subjected to pogroms throughout the nineteenth century.
- By
- Unknown
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Meknes (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Discriminatory law14
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Judensystemalpatent restricts Bohemian Jews
The 1797 patent restricted residence, occupations, synagogue building, marriage and rabbinical training for Bohemian Jews.
- By
- Habsburg government
- Where
- Bohemia, Czech Republic
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Bohemia (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Order forcing Warsaw Jews to adopt family names
All Jews of Warsaw were ordered to take family names, either chosen by themselves or assigned by local officials.
- By
- Prussian authorities
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Prussian General-Juden-Reglement of 1797
After the 1793 annexation, a new regulation set the status of Jews in South Prussia, and they again lost their old privileges.
- By
- Prussian government
- Where
- Greater Poland, Poland
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Province of Posen (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Tax on Jewish religious lights in Galicia
After abolishing the family protection tax, the Austrian government introduced a tax on candles and lamps lit for Jewish religious purposes. It was farmed out and collected harshly, and a collective levy followed when the yield fell short.
- By
- Austrian government
- Where
- Galicia (several countries)
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Censorship of Jewish books established in Riga
Under Paul I a special censorship of Jewish books was set up, centered in Riga, with censors who reported on condemned books.
- By
- Russian government under Paul I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Protection of Jews repealed under Frederick William
Duke and elector Frederick William revoked the protection previously granted to Jews and imposed commercial and industrial obstacles.
- By
- Frederick William, duke and elector
- Where
- Stuttgart, Württemberg, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Stuttgart (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Authorities obstruct construction of Szeged synagogue
Because of opposition from the authorities, the synagogue planned for 1789 could not be built until 1803.
- By
- Local authorities
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Szeged (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Double taxation of Russian Jews, then special Jewish taxes
Jews had to pay double taxes for over two decades. When these were abolished, special Jewish taxes took their place.
- By
- Russian government
- Where
- Russian Empire (several countries)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ali Pasha's heavy taxation of wealthy Jews
Ali Pasha, governor of the area, imposed a heavy tax burden on the wealthy Jews during his rule.
- By
- Ali Pasha
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Ioannina (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Renewed heavy taxation under Francis I
During Francis I's reign the Jews suffered more troubles and were again heavily taxed.
- By
- Francis I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Mantua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Strict regulations and residence limits on Dresden Jews
In the 18th century Jews in Dresden lived under strict regulations and had limited residence rights.
- By
- Saxon authorities
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Dresden (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Two-family limit on Jews in Soest continues in the 18th century
Throughout the 18th century the number of Jewish families permitted in Soest stayed restricted to two.
- By
- Authorities of Soest
- Where
- Soest, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Soest (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews denied free access to Besançon
From the late 17th to the late 18th century Jews were barred from entering the city freely, with only a few temporary residence permits granted to some merchants.
- By
- Authorities of Besançon
- Where
- Besançon, Franche-Comté, France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Besançon (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Pale of Settlement
Catherine the Great restricted Jewish residence in the Russian Empire to its western provinces. The Pale lasted, with later additional restrictions, until the Russian Revolution.
- By
- Empress Catherine II (Russian Empire)
- Where
- Pale of Settlement (several countries)
Wikipedia: Pale of Settlement (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Pale of Settlement”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Ghettoization1
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Confinement of Jewish visitors to the "Jewish Inn" ghetto
Temporary Jewish visitors to Moscow were allowed to stay only in a designated house, which was locked at night and functioned as a ghetto.
- By
- Russian authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Moscow (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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False accusation (libel)2
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Ritual murder accusation against Jews of Smyrna (late 18th century)
Jews of Smyrna were accused of ritual murder in the latter part of the eighteenth century. The accusation was refuted.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- İzmir (Smyrna), Turkey
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): İzmir (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Spanish Inquisition
Established with papal approval, the Inquisition investigated and tried conversos (converted Jews and their descendants) suspected of secretly practising Judaism. Thousands were executed and many more punished.
- By
- Ferdinand II and Isabella I, with Pope Sixtus IV
- Where
- SpainSpanish Empire (several countries)
Wikipedia: Spanish Inquisition (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Spanish Inquisition”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Readmission / emancipation24
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Abolition of the ghetto at Cento
Changes brought by the French Revolution led to the ghetto at Cento being abolished. Under French occupation the Jews received full civic rights.
- By
- French authorities
- Where
- Cento, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Cento (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Emancipation of Jews in Koblenz
Jews were granted emancipation in Koblenz in 1797.
- By
- French revolutionary authorities
- Where
- Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Koblenz (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Emancipation of Venetian Jews and opening of the ghetto
The new democratic republic declared all citizens equal and annulled legal discrimination against Jews; the ghetto gates were torn down on July 11, 1797.
- By
- Democratic Republic of Venice
2 sources
About this entry
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French Revolutionary Army emancipates Italy's Jews
Between 1797 and 1799 the French Revolutionary Army gave the Jews of Italy a temporary emancipation.
- By
- Napoleon I
- Where
- Italy
2 sources
About this entry
Summary in Jistory's own words of facts from the Jewish Virtual Library, written with AI assistance. Not individually reviewed; the linked page is the authority. How entries are made
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French destroy ghetto gates in Padua
The French destroyed the ghetto gates, which were never put up again, ending the ghetto's enclosure.
- By
- French
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Padua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ghetto gates destroyed and Jews allowed to live anywhere in Verona
The French occupiers tore down and burned the ghetto gates and allowed Jews to reside anywhere in the city.
- By
- French occupying forces
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Ghetto gates destroyed under French rule in Ancona
Under French rule, Jews joined the municipal council. The ghetto gates were destroyed and Jewish children were taught alongside Christians.
- By
- Napoleon / French authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Province of Ancona (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ghetto gates torn down under French rule
At the instance of a French general, the gates of the Ferrara ghetto were torn down, and Jews were admitted into the municipal guard.
- By
- French authorities
- Where
- Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Ferrara (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ghetto opened and Jews declared citizens under French occupation
French forces occupying Pesaro opened the ghetto gates and made Jews full citizens, replacing the yellow badge with the tricolor cockade.
- By
- French forces
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Pesaro (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews given representation in Verona council of commerce
A decree ordered that Jews be represented in the council of commerce.
- By
- French authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Verona (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Padua's Jews freed from ghetto residence by the French
After the French entered Padua, the Jews received the unrestricted right to live anywhere in the city, and the ghetto was renamed "Via Libera."
- By
- French military authorities
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
-
Period of freedom under French invasion
During the French invasion of Italy the Jews of Mantua enjoyed freedom and civic participation.
- By
- French forces
2 sources
About this entry
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French armies demolish ghetto walls and grant equal rights
With the arrival of French revolutionary armies in Italy, ghetto walls were torn down and Jews were given equal rights.
- By
- French revolutionary armies
- Where
- Italy
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Encyclopaedia Judaica article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words; no text is reproduced. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Full citizenship for Jews under French rule of Corfu
During the first period of French rule the Jews of Corfu enjoyed full rights of citizenship.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Russia permits Jews to reside in Courland
After annexing Courland, the Russian government resolved that Jews could live there, practise their trades, form kahals, build synagogues and be free from serfdom. Emperor Paul confirmed the resolutions in 1799.
- By
- Russian government under Emperor Paul
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
-
French conquest brings civic equality and ends Leibzoll in Treves
After the French took Treves in 1794, the Leibzoll was abolished by a 1797 law and the Jews gained civic equality.
- By
- French government
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Trier (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Citizenship and municipal rights granted to Jews of Courland
During his reign Paul I gave the Jews of Courland citizenship and municipal rights, which they had previously been denied.
- By
- Paul I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Ludwig X abolishes Leibzoll and permits Jews to own land
Under Ludwig X the body-toll was abolished and Jews were allowed to acquire real estate, paving the way for emancipation.
- By
- Ludwig X, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
- Where
- Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Hesse (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jewish community of Besançon reestablished after the Revolution
Following the French Revolution, Jews were able to settle again in Besançon and the community was reconstituted, reaching 20 families by 1807.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Besançon, Franche-Comté, France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Besançon (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Abolition of the Split ghetto
The ghetto in Split was abolished by the Napoleonic regime.
- By
- Napoleonic regime
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Split (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Temporary emancipation under French influence
Alessandria's Jews, along with other Italian Jews, enjoyed temporary civic emancipation during the period of French influence.
- By
- French authorities
- Where
- Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Alessandria (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Emancipation of Jews under French rule in Nice
The temporary reunion of Nice with France brought emancipation to the Jews.
- By
- France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Nice (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews of Mainz become free French citizens
Under French rule from 1792 to 1814, the Jews of Mainz were free citizens of France.
- By
- French Republic
- Where
- Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
-
Expulsion of Jews from France lifted in practice
The expulsion of Jews from France (1394) was lifted in practice.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- France
Wikipedia: Expulsions and exoduses of Jews (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Expulsions and exoduses of Jews”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
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