What happened to the Jews in 1943 AD?

10,000 Bialystok Jews begin to be sent to Treblinka

The deportation of 10,000 Bialystok Jews to Treblinka got underway.

By

Unknown

Where

Białystok, Podlaskie, Poland

17 March 1943 razzia in Leiden

17 March 1943 razzia in Leiden: 1943 Nazi roundup.

By

Unknown

19,153 Sofia Jews expelled but spared deportation

Some 19,153 Jews were driven out of Sofia, yet escaped being deported.

By

King Boris of Bulgaria

Where

Sofia, Bulgaria

After initial agreement to deport Jews from the Romanian provinces, Wallachia and Moldavia, the government of Marshall Ion Antonescu backs away from the agreement and refuses to deport Jews from Romania to the custody of the Germans.

By

Unknown

Where

Romania

Agreement to surrender Jews of Macedonia and Thrace for deportation

Bulgarian officials agreed with Dannecker to hand over Jews in Bulgarian-administered Macedonia and Thrace to the Germans, then signed an agreement to deport 20,000 Jews, and the government approved it in March; transit camps were set up immediately.

By

Bulgarian government (Gabrovski, Belev) with Nazi Germany

Where

North Macedonia · Thrace, Greece

Aktion and liquidation of the Riga ghetto

On Nov. 2, 1943, the old, very young and sick were murdered in the ghetto, which was then liquidated and survivors sent to Kaiserwald concentration camp.

By

Nazi German authorities

Where

Riga, Latvia

Arrest and deportation of Aix Jews

After a German roundup in southern France, nearly all Jews in Aix were arrested, interned at Drancy and deported to Germany, where most perished.

By

Germans

Where

Aix-en-Provence, Provence, France

Arrest and deportation of Jewish families from Avignon

On April 17, 1943, several Jewish families in Avignon were arrested and deported.

By

Unknown

Where

Avignon, Provence, France

Arrest and deportation of Split's Jewish men

After the German takeover, remaining Jewish men were registered, arrested on October 13 and sent to the Sajmište camp near Belgrade, where most perished.

By

German authorities

Where

Split, Dalmatia, Croatia

Arrest of Anna Cassuto, Saul Campagnano and Raffaele Cantoni

After being betrayed, three Jews were apprehended by the Nazis in the Piazza della Signoria.

By

Nazis

Where

Florence, Tuscany, Italy

Arrest of Jewish-Christian relief committee members in Florence

The SS raided the Azione Cattolica premises during a relief committee meeting and seized Nathan Cassuto and other members.

By

SS

Where

Florence, Tuscany, Italy

BBC chief orders Holocaust atrocities downplayed

The head of the BBC told staff to minimize Holocaust atrocities and not to air or print anything that might seek to "correct" antisemitic feeling across Europe.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Europe (several countries)

Belgian Jews arrested for Auschwitz deportation

Jews in Belgium were arrested to be deported to Auschwitz.

By

Belgian Jews

By the end of spring 1943, German SS and police and military units have killed at least 1,340,000 Jews and an undetermined number of partisans, Roma (Gypsies), and officials of the Soviet state and the Soviet Communist Party.

By

Nazi Germany

Collaboration of the Vichy regime with the Holocaust: January 1943 – Roundup of Marseille: destruction of the Old Port and roundups by French authorities. Nearly 2,000 Marseilles Jews arrested and deported.

By

French authorities

Where

France

Deportation of 3,500 Jews to Auschwitz

On September 2–3, 1943, 3,500 Jews from Przemysl were sent to Auschwitz.

By

German authorities

Where

Przemyśl, Poland

Deportation of Boskovice Jews to Theresienstadt and death camps

The Jews remaining in Boskovice after the German occupation were deported to Theresienstadt in March 1943 and then sent on to Treblinka, Majdanek, and Auschwitz.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Boskovice, Moravia, Czech Republic

Deportation of Cesena Jews to Auschwitz

Nine Jews from Cesena were deported and died in Auschwitz.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Deportation of Chief Rabbi Friediger to Theresienstadt

Moses Friediger, chief rabbi of Denmark, was deported by the German occupiers to Theresienstadt, though he survived and returned.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Denmark

Deportation of Frankfurt Jews to Theresienstadt (1943)

Three more Jews from Frankfurt were deported to Theresienstadt on June 16, 1943.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Frankfurt (Oder), Brandenburg, Germany

Deportation of Jews from Borgo San Dalmazzo to Auschwitz

On November 21 the 349 foreign Jews were put on a train to Drancy, and most were then sent to Auschwitz on December 12, with only 10 known survivors.

By

Germans

Where

Borgo San Dalmazzo, Piedmont, Italy

Deportation of Jews from Sofia to Ruse

Many Jews from Sofia were forcibly removed from the capital and sent to Ruse during the wartime period.

By

Unknown

Where

Sofia, Bulgaria · Ruse, Bulgaria

Deportation of Jews from Thracian and Macedonian provincial towns

Jews from provincial towns under the Salonika German command were sent to Auschwitz.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Thrace, Greece · Veria, Macedonia, Greece · Edessa, Macedonia, Greece · Florina, Macedonia, Greece

Deportation of Macedonian and Thracian Jews to death camps

Bulgaria handed over the Jews of the occupied Macedonian and Thracian territories to the Germans. Over 11,000 were transported to the death camps in Poland, where most were murdered.

By

Bulgarian government

Where

North Macedonia · Thrace, Greece

Deportation of Minsk Jews to Sobibor

A transport of some 2,000 Jews, including Jewish Red Army prisoners, was sent from Minsk to the Sobibor death camp.

By

Nazi Germans

Where

Minsk, Belarus

Deportation of Paderborn retraining center inmates to Auschwitz

All inmates of the center were deported to Auschwitz on March 1, 1943, and only ten survived.

By

Nazi authorities

Where

Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Deportation of Turin Jews to Auschwitz

Germans began deporting Turin's Jews in late 1943; 246 were sent to Auschwitz and only 21 returned.

By

Germans

Where

Turin, Piedmont, Italy

Deportation of the Jews of Bzenec to Theresienstadt

In January 1943 the Jews of Bzenec were deported via Kyjov to Theresienstadt and later to Nazi death camps.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Bzenec, Moravia, Czech Republic

Deportation of the Menashe family from Chios to Salonika

The Menashe family was deported to Salonika in spring 1943, though they were later released because they were Italian subjects.

By

Unknown

Where

Chios, North Aegean, Greece

Deportation to Estonia and conversion of ghetto into concentration camp

About 3,000 Jews were deported to concentration camps in Estonia, and the ghetto became concentration camp Kauen.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Kaunas, Lithuania

Deportation to Treblinka and massacre of Bielsk Jews

The Germans deported over 5,000 ghetto inhabitants to Treblinka and killed 200 old and sick Jews in the Jewish cemetery.

By

Germans

Where

Bielsk Podlaski, Podlaskie, Poland

Deportations from Kielce labor camp to slave labor camps

About 1,000 prisoners from the Kielce labor camp were deported to slave labor camps, where only a handful survived.

By

German authorities

Where

Kielce, Poland

Deportations from Salonika and Thrace

Jews were deported from Salonika, Greece, and from Thrace.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Thessaloniki (Salonika), Macedonia, Greece

Execution of 127 Jewish intelligentsia in Czestochowa

On March 20, 1943, 127 members of the city's Jewish intelligentsia were executed.

By

German occupiers

Where

Częstochowa, Silesia, Poland

Execution of 500 prisoners at the Jewish cemetery in Czestochowa

About 500 prisoners from the HASAG slave labor camps were executed at the Jewish cemetery.

By

German occupiers

Where

Częstochowa, Silesia, Poland

Fabrikaktion roundup of Jewish factory workers in Berlin

Jewish forced laborers were seized at their workplaces and deported from Berlin in a particularly brutal operation.

By

Gestapo

Where

Berlin, Germany

Families sent from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz

Whole families were transported from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz.

By

Unknown

Where

Terezín (Theresienstadt), Bohemia, Czech Republic

Ferrara Jews deported to extermination camps

About 200 Jews from Ferrara were sent to extermination camps, and only five survived.

By

Unknown

Where

Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Filderman deported to Transnistria

Jewish leader W. Filderman was deported to Transnistria for two months after opposing the 1943 levy and showing it could not be paid.

By

Romanian government

Where

Romania · Transnistria, Ukraine

Final liquidation deportation of the Tarnow ghetto

Thousands of remaining Jews were sent to Auschwitz and to the Plaszow camp, and almost all perished.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Tarnów, Galicia, Poland

Final liquidation of the Mainz Jewish community

On February 10 the remaining community, which had been moved to the hospital, was finally liquidated.

By

Nazi authorities

Where

Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

First "resettlements" in Bialystok ghetto

The first "resettlements" hit Poland's Bialystok ghetto: 1,000 Jews were killed where they stood and 10,000 sent to Treblinka.

By

Unknown

Where

Białystok, Podlaskie, Poland

First transport from Rome to Auschwitz

The first trainload of Rome's Jews left for Auschwitz.

By

Unknown

Where

Rome, Lazio, Italy

First transports from Salonika to Auschwitz

The first trains of Jews left Salonika for Auschwitz.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Thessaloniki (Salonika), Macedonia, Greece

From March 3-March 22, Bulgarian occupation authorities deport 11,343 Jews from Bulgarian-occupied Thrace, Macedonia, and Pirot to German custody. After taking custody of the Jews, the German authorities will deport them to the Treblinka 2 killing center.

By

Unknown

Where

Thrace, Greece · North Macedonia

German SS and police officials and their auxiliaries begin liquidating the Bialystok ghetto. They kill approximately 1,000 Jews and deport 10,000 Jews to the Treblinka killing center, where most are immediately killed.

By

Nazi Germany

German authorities deport around 2,700 Jews from Kovno (Kaunas) to the labor camps Vaivara and Klooga, in Estonia, and to Auschwitz.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Kaunas (Kovno), Lithuania

German authorities liquidate the Riga ghetto and shoot the remaining residents, at least 2,000 in number.

By

Unknown

German roundup of Danish Jews and deportation to Theresienstadt

During the German action against Denmark's Jews on the night of 1-2 October 1943 and in the days after, fewer than 500 Jews were arrested and sent to Theresienstadt. Most of the Jewish community escaped to Sweden after being warned.

By

Nazi Germany (German occupation authorities)

Where

Denmark

Germans arrest Jews sheltered in former Italian-occupied zone

After September 8, 1943, German forces arrested Jews who had taken refuge in the zone previously occupied by Italy. Some of them were killed in the Holocaust.

By

Germans

Where

Italian occupation zone, France

Germany declared judenrein

After mass deportations, Germany was officially declared free of Jews, with remaining Jews mostly spouses of non-Jews or "half-Jews."

By

Nazi German government

Where

Germany

Himmler orders Ostland ghetto survivors sent to concentration camps

In July 1943 Himmler decided that the surviving inhabitants of the ghettos throughout Ostland be moved to concentration camps.

By

Heinrich Himmler

Where

Reichskommissariat Ostland (several countries)

Himmler orders all Polish ghettos liquidated

Himmler ordered every ghetto in Poland liquidated; a June 21 edict extended this to the Soviet Union.

By

Himmler

In his capacity as Higher SS and Police Leader in Trieste, Italy, to which he was appointed in September 1943, SS General Odilo Globocnik authorizes the establishment of the police transit camp and detention camp La Risiera di San Sabba in Trieste. Both both gas vans and crematoria are at the disposal of the camp authorities.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy

Italians refuse to help round up Jews in their French zone

In January the Italians declined to help the Nazis seize Jews in the part of France they controlled, and in March they would block Nazi deportations of Jews from that zone.

By

Nazi Germany

Kielce cemetery massacre

Kielce cemetery massacre: event in 1943, in which 45 Jewish children were murdered by German Nazis. Deaths: 45.

By

German Nazis

Where

Kielce, Poland

Last Tarnow Jews transferred to Plaszow and murdered

The last 300 Jews in the Tarnow labor camp were moved to Plaszow in December 1943, where almost all were killed.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Tarnów, Galicia, Poland

Lemberg ghetto liquidated; 20,000 people

The ghetto of Lemberg (Lvov), holding 20,000 people, was liquidated.

By

Unknown

Where

Lviv (Lemberg), Galicia, Ukraine

Liquidation of the Warsaw ghetto

German forces under Stroop burned the ghetto house by house, and killed or deported tens of thousands of Jews, crushing the uprising and destroying the Great Synagogue.

By

Nazi Germany (Jürgen Stroop)

Where

Warsaw, Masovia, Poland

Minsk and Lida ghettos liquidated

The ghettos of Minsk and Lida were liquidated.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Minsk, Belarus

Murder of remaining Jews of Przemysl

In the months after September 1943 the Nazis murdered the roughly 2,000 Jews still in Przemysl, about half of whom had been in hiding.

By

Nazi authorities

Where

Przemyśl, Poland

Operation Harvest Festival

Operation Harvest Festival: 1943 massacre of Jews during the Holocaust. Deaths: 43000.

By

Jakob Sporrenberg

Where

Majdanek, Lublin, Poland · Poniatowa, Lublin, Poland

Raid June 1943 in Amsterdam

Raid June 1943 in Amsterdam: 1943 Nazi roundup.

By

Unknown

Raids on Florence convents and monasteries sheltering Jews

An SS unit with Fascist soldiers raided three religious houses in Florence and seized Jewish women, children and men hiding there.

By

SS and Fascist soldiers

Where

Florence, Tuscany, Italy

Reichsführer-SS (SS chief) Heinrich Himmler orders the liquidation of all ghettos of the Reichskommissariat Ostland (the Baltic States and Belorussia) and transfer of the remaining Jewish inhabitants who are able to work to concentration camps.

By

Nazi Germany

Roundup and deportation of Belgian-citizen Jews

The Germans ended their exemption of Jews with Belgian citizenship, arresting and deporting them all.

By

Nazi German authorities

Where

Belgium

Roundup and deportation of Rome's Jews

Germans surrounded the Jewish quarter of Rome and arrested over 1,000 people, who were sent to Auschwitz where most were murdered on arrival.

By

German occupation forces

Where

Rome, Lazio, Italy

Roundup of Jews in Genoa

German police forced community custodians to hand over membership lists and summon members, leading to the arrest of most Jews seized in Genoa, including Rabbi Pacifici.

By

German police

Where

Genoa, Liguria, Italy

SS authorities order the final deportation of Jews from the Vilna (Vilne) ghetto (located in Wilno; Vilnius). SS and police units in Wilno (Vilnius) deport about 4,000 Jews to the Sobibor killing center, and transport others to Kaiserwald and Vaivara concentration camps, as well as other forced-labor camps in German-occupied Estonia and to the Kaiserwald concentration camp near Riga, Latvia.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Vilnius (Vilna), Lithuania

SS raid on the Florence synagogue

The SS broke into the Florence synagogue and seized the custodian and a few refugees recently arrived from France. They were deported to Auschwitz three days later.

By

SS

Where

Florence, Tuscany, Italy

Second wave of deportations from Warsaw ghetto

In January 1943 the Germans raided the ghetto, shot hospital patients and deported thousands to Treblinka before halting after armed resistance.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Warsaw, Masovia, Poland

September German authorities deport about 8,000 Vilna (Wilno; Vilnius) Jews to camps in Estonia.

By

Unknown

Where

Estonia

Shooting of 1,500 Jews at Maly Trostenets

The Germans rounded up 1,500 Jews from the ghetto and shot them over open pits at Maly Trostenets.

By

Nazi Germans

Where

Maly Trostenets, Belarus

Summer 1943 shootings and van gassings in Minsk

Over the summer the remaining ghetto population was reduced by shooting groups of men and gassing women and children in vans.

By

Nazi Germans

Where

Minsk, Belarus

The Inspectorate of Concentration Camps redesignates the Buna subcamp of Auschwitz I as Concentration Camp Auschwitz III, or Monowitz.

By

Unknown

The SS shuts down the Chełmno killing center

The SS shuts down the Chełmno killing center. The perpetrators try to eliminate the evidence of the killings there.

By

Nazi Germany

Theresienstadt ghetto transports to Auschwitz

Trains carried Jews from the Theresienstadt ghetto to Auschwitz.

By

Unknown

Where

Terezín (Theresienstadt), Bohemia, Czech Republic

Transports from Holland to Sobibor and others to Treblinka

Jews were sent from Holland to Sobibor, while Treblinka received transports from Luxembourg, Macedonia, Prague and Vienna.

By

Unknown

Where

Netherlands

Treblinka revolt

By

Unknown

Uprisings at Treblinka and Krikov

Prisoners revolted at the Treblinka death camp and at the Krikov labor camp in the Lublin district.

By

Unknown

Where

Treblinka, Poland

Vilna Ghetto liquidated

The Germans liquidated the Vilna Ghetto.

By

Unknown

Arrest and deportation of foreign Jews from Nancy

In three Aktionen, German occupiers arrested and deported 130 Jews of foreign origin from Nancy.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Nancy, Lorraine, France

Deportation and extermination of Jews at Kalevi Liiva

About 3,000 Jews, mainly from Germany, were sent to the extermination site at Kalevi Liiva in 1942 and early 1943.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Kalevi-Liiva, Estonia

Deportation of Amsterdam Jews to Westerbork and the death camps

From July 1942 Amsterdam Jews were deported through Westerbork; the deportations ended on September 29, 1943, when the last Jews officially living in the city were arrested and sent away.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands

Deportation of Benghazi Jews to Giado

About 2,600 Benghazi Jews were deported into the desert to Giado under harsh conditions. During some 14 months of exile, 562 died of starvation or typhus.

By

Axis forces

Where

Benghazi, Cyrenaica, Libya · Jadu (Giado), Tripolitania, Libya

Deportation of Koblenz Jews to the East

177 Jews from Koblenz and 544 from the surrounding district were deported to the East; only 22 Koblenz Jews survived.

By

Nazi regime

Where

Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Deportation of the last Jews of Alzey

The last 41 Jews of Alzey were deported to extermination camps in Eastern Europe.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Alzey, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Operation Reinhard

Operation Reinhard: secretive German plan in World War II to exterminate Polish Jews in the General Government district of German-occupied Poland.

By

Odilo Globočnik, Hermann Höfle, Richard Thomalla, Erwin Lambert, Christian Wirth, Heinrich Himmler, Franz Stangl

Where

Germany

Operation Reinhard in Kraków

Operation Reinhard in Kraków, often referred to by its original codename in German as Aktion Krakau, was a major 1942 German Nazi operation against the Jews of Kraków, Poland. It was headed by SS and Police Leader Julian Scherner from the Waffen-SS.

By

Amon Göth, Julian Scherner, Odilo Globočnik and others

Where

Kraków, Lesser Poland, Poland

Treblinka death camp operates, 700,000–900,000 Jews murdered

By

Unknown

Arrest and deportation of Alessandria Jews

Eleven Jews from Alessandria were arrested in December 1943 and sent to Fossoli, then deported to Auschwitz in February 1944; six more were seized by the Germans in spring 1944.

By

Germans and Italian Social Republic authorities

Where

Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy

Concentration camp in Forlì holding mostly Jewish prisoners

Under Nazi occupation a concentration camp operated in Forlì, in which most inmates were Jews from the area or from Rome.

By

Nazis

Where

Forlì, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Deportation of Jews from the Province of Genoa

153 Jews were arrested and deported from the Province of Genoa during the German occupation, many of them refugees.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Genoa, Liguria, Italy

Forced labor camps in Estonia

Around 20,000 Jewish prisoners, mainly from Vilna and Kaunas, were sent through Vaivara to labor camps where they mined slate and built fortifications.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Estonia

German raids and deportation of Jews from Nice

After German troops took over the former Italian zone, SS units led by Alois Brunner hunted Jews, deporting about 5,000 from Nice and the surrounding area within five months and killing many others in the city.

By

German troops and SS under Alois Brunner

Where

Nice, Provence, France

Gestapo arrests and deportations of Jews in Grenoble area

From 1943 the Gestapo arrested, tortured and deported hundreds of Jews and Resistance members in the Grenoble area.

By

Gestapo

Where

Grenoble, Dauphiné, France

Roundups and deportations of Venetian Jews

Italian police and Fascist militia rounded up Venetian Jews, held them in assembly points, and sent them via transit camps to Auschwitz-Birkenau; about 246 were deported.

By

Italian police, Fascist militia and German occupiers

Where

Venice, Veneto, Italy

Deportation of Essen's Jews

Essen's remaining Jews were deported to Lodz, Minsk, Riga, Izbica, Theresienstadt and other destinations between 1941 and 1943.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Gully of Petrushino

Gully of Petrushino (Russian: Петрушинская балка), or Gully of Death (Балка смерти from German: Todesschlucht), is a site on the outskirts of Taganrog, Russia, at which 7,000 Soviet civilians, mostly Jews, were massacred between 1941 and 1943 by the German army, with the assistance of non-German divisions, during their occupation of Taganrog.

By

Otto Ohlendorf, Kurt Christmann

Where

Taganrog, Rostov Oblast, Russia

Persecution and murder of Zagreb Jews during the Holocaust

After the German occupation of Zagreb in April 1941, Jews were persecuted, taken for forced labor and murdered. Survivors were sent to Jasenovac and Auschwitz in late 1942 and early 1943.

By

Germans and Ustashe

Where

Zagreb, Croatia

The Holocaust in Romania

The Holocaust in Romania: The Holocaust as it developed in Romania.

By

Unknown

Where

Romania · Moldova

Arrests and deportations of Jews from Nantes

Jews in Nantes were arrested, imprisoned in the Caserne Richemont, and deported, reducing the community drastically by 1943, with deportations continuing in January 1944.

By

Vichy government and German occupiers

Where

Nantes, Brittany, France

Deportation of Erfurt Jews to the East

Of the 188 Jews remaining in September 1941, 152 were deported eastward in four transports between May 1942 and January 1944.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Erfurt, Thuringia, Germany

Deportation of Jews from Belgium

Jews were summoned and later rounded up in raids and deported from Malines in convoys to the east; over 25,000 were deported and few returned.

By

Nazi German authorities

Where

Belgium

Deportation of Jews from Bordeaux

German authorities deported 1,279 Jews from Bordeaux between July 1942 and February 1944.

By

Germans (Nazi occupation authorities)

Where

Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France

Deportation of Jews from France to Auschwitz

Between 1942 and 1944, some 85,000–90,000 Jews were deported from France in about 100 convoys, mostly to Auschwitz, and very few survived.

By

Germans and Vichy authorities

Where

France

Deportations of Dresden Jews

Twelve deportations sent about 1,300 Jews from Dresden between January 1942 and January 1944.

By

Nazi German authorities

Where

Dresden, Saxony, Germany

Roundups and deportations of Belgian Jews

From July 1942 Jews were called up for labor, rounded up and interned at the Dossin camp near Mechlin, then deported to extermination camps in the east.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Belgium

Deportation of Bologna Jews to death camps

Following the German occupation, Nazis and Fascist collaborators carried out raids, roundups and deportations, confiscating Jewish property; 114 Jews from Bologna were deported to Auschwitz, where nearly all died.

By

Nazi Germany and Italian Fascists

Where

Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Deportation of Jews from Italy

Jews in Italy were deported between 1943 and 1945 during the German occupation. A memorial book later recorded each deportee's story.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Italy

Deportation of Jews from Milan

A total of 896 Jews were deported between 1943 and 1945, and many others were captured and killed in places where they had sought refuge.

By

Germans

Where

Milan, Lombardy, Italy

Deportation of Mantuan Jews to death camps

Under German domination a concentration camp was set up in Mantua and 44 Jews from the province were deported to death camps.

By

German occupation authorities

Where

Mantua, Lombardy, Italy

Deportation of Padua Jews to extermination camps

More than 85 Jews from Padua, including Rabbi Eugenio Cohen Sacerdoti, were deported to extermination camps.

By

Unknown

Where

Padua, Veneto, Italy

Deportation of Pisa Jews to extermination camps

During the Holocaust, about a dozen Jews from Pisa, including Rabbi Augusto Hasdà, were sent to extermination camps, and eight others were deported elsewhere.

By

Nazis

Where

Pisa, Tuscany, Italy

Roundups and deportation of Trieste Jews

After German occupation, roundups of Jews began in October 1943 and continued into 1944, with arrests, detention at the Risiera di San Sabba and about 60 convoys to camps until February 1945; 708 Jews from Trieste were deported and few returned.

By

German Einsatzkommando

Where

Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy

Deportation of remaining Karlsruhe Jews to the east

The remaining 429 Jews and non-Aryans of Karlsruhe were deported to the east.

By

Nazi regime

Where

Karlsruhe, Baden, Germany

Finland deports refugee Jews to the Gestapo

Under German pressure, Finnish authorities let the Gestapo deport some refugee Jews, but stopped after the first transport of eight, of whom only one survived.

By

Finnish authorities and the Gestapo

Where

Finland

Ponary massacre

The Ponary massacre (Polish: zbrodnia w Ponarach), or the Paneriai massacre (Lithuanian: Panerių žudynės), was the mass murder of up to 100,000 people, mostly Jews, Poles, and Russians, by German SD and SS and the Lithuanian Ypatingasis būrys killing squads, during World War II and the Holocaust in the Generalbezirk Litauen of Reichskommissariat Ostland.

By

SS Einsatzgruppe Lithuanian collaborators

Where

Paneriai, Lithuania

Deportations of Heidelberg Jews, mainly to Theresienstadt

A further 103 Jews were deported from Heidelberg, mainly to Theresienstadt.

By

Nazi authorities

Where

Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

Deportations through Dortmund to the East

Dortmund served as an assembly point for deportations, with about 40,000 people deported in eight transports between 1942 and 1945.

By

Nazi regime

Where

Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Arrest and deportation of Strasbourg rabbis and youth leader

Rabbis Hirschler, Brunschwig and Cyper and youth leader Léo Cohn were arrested and deported to death camps for their resistance and relief work.

By

Nazis

Where

France

Deportation of Dijon Jews to Auschwitz

Ninety Jews from Dijon were killed at Auschwitz during the Nazi period.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Dijon, Burgundy, France

Deportation of Leipzig Jews to the east

All remaining Jews of Leipzig were deported eastward in nine transports ending in February 1945.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Leipzig, Saxony, Germany

Deportation of Wuerttemberg Jews via Stuttgart

Stuttgart served as the collection point for deporting all Wuerttemberg Jews to Riga, Izbica, Auschwitz and Theresienstadt. About 1,000 Stuttgart Jews died in deportation or camps.

By

Nazi Germany

Where

Stuttgart, Württemberg, Germany

Deportations of Berlin's Jews to ghettos and death camps

From autumn 1941 Berlin's Jews were deported in waves to the East, to Theresienstadt and to camps, where the great majority perished.

By

Nazi authorities

Where

Berlin, Germany

Persecution, camp and deportation of Travnik Jews in World War II

The German-Croatian occupation violently suppressed the community and set up a concentration camp at nearby Kruščica. Survivors were deported and murdered elsewhere in Croatia or in Poland.

By

German-Croatian occupation authorities

Where

Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Holocaust

Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered about six million Jews, roughly two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population, through mass shootings, extermination camps and other means.

By

Nazi Germany and its collaborators

Where

Nazi-occupied Europe (several countries)

The Holocaust in Latvia

The Holocaust in Latvia: crimes against humanity committed by Nazi Germany and collaborators.

By

Nazi Germany and collaborators

Where

Latvia

Nazi use of Kyjov camp to assemble and deport Jews

The Nazis used the Kyjov camp to gather the Jews of the town and district, and in early 1943 deported 2,852 people in three transports to Theresienstadt, from where they were sent on to Auschwitz.

By

Nazis

Where

Kyjov, Moravia, Czech Republic

Zbylitowska Góra massacre

Zbylitowska Góra massacre: Mass executions of Jews and Poles carried out by Nazi German forces during the Second World War in Buczyna Forest near Zbylitowska Góra.. Deaths: 8000.

By

Schutzstaffel, Ordnungspolizei

Where

Zbylitowska Góra, Poland

Deportation of Vercelli Jews during the Holocaust

Twenty-six Jews from Vercelli were sent to extermination camps during the Holocaust.

By

Nazi Germany and Italian Fascist authorities

Where

Vercelli, Piedmont, Italy

Deportation and killing of Jews of Phalsbourg in World War II

During the Second World War, nine Jews from Phalsbourg died while being deported and two others were shot.