Massacre / pogrom7
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December 1806 massacre and baptism ultimatum
Amid disorder at the end of Ypsilanti's rule, the populace pillaged the Jews, killed many, and penned up the rest with a choice of baptism or death until the Russians arrived.
- By
- Populace of Bucharest
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Bucharest (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Massacre in Tlemecen
Pillaging and Massacre of Jews in Tlemecen
- By
- Unknown
Wikipedia: Timeline of antisemitism in the 19th century (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Massacres of Jews during Russian invasion
When war between Russia and Turkey resumed, the Russian invasion of Rumania was accompanied by massacres of Jews.
- By
- Russian troops
- Where
- Romania
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Romania (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Riot against Jewish quarter of Baku
After Russia annexed Baku, Persian inhabitants started a riot in the Jewish quarter. Russian forces quelled it, but the Jews chose to move away to Kuba.
- By
- Persian inhabitants of Baku
- Where
- Baku, Azerbaijan
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Baku (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Persecution of Crypto-Jews of Covilhã during the civil wars
During Portugal's civil wars, the clergy persecuted Covilhã's Crypto-Jews, suspecting them of supporting the liberal side.
- By
- Portuguese clergy
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Covilhã (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Nomad raids on the Jewish quarter of Ispahan under Fath Ali Shah
During Fath Ali Shah's reign, Illiat nomads repeatedly attacked the Jewish quarter, assaulting women, killing men, and looting and wrecking homes.
- By
- Illiats (Persian nomads)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Isfahan (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Frequent pogroms against the Jews of Meknès
After Meknès lost its status as capital in 1790, the Jewish community was repeatedly subjected to pogroms throughout the nineteenth century.
- By
- Unknown
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Meknes (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Discriminatory law12
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Marriage restrictions on Jews
From 1806 Jews could marry only if another Jewish family had disappeared or if special permission was obtained.
- By
- Öttingen authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Oettingen in Bayern (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ban on working on Christian festivals
During the Russian occupation Jews were forbidden to open shops or even work at home on Christian holidays.
- By
- Russian occupation authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Bucharest (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Renewed ban on Jews keeping Christian domestics
The old prohibition on Jews employing Christian servants was repeatedly renewed.
- By
- Austrian government under Francis II
- Where
- Austria
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Austrian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Bans on Jewish trade in church goods
Repeated orders forbade Jews from dealing in ecclesiastical furniture, crucifixes and vestments.
- By
- Francis II
- Where
- Galicia (several countries)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Galicia (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Church-based restrictions on Jewish music and Purim balls
Jews were forbidden music during Advent, and Christians were barred from dancing at Jewish Purim balls.
- By
- Austrian authorities
- Where
- Austria
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Austrian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Double taxation of Russian Jews, then special Jewish taxes
Jews had to pay double taxes for over two decades. When these were abolished, special Jewish taxes took their place.
- By
- Russian government
- Where
- Russian Empire (several countries)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews barred from the druggist business
Jews were prohibited from working as druggists, first in West Galicia and later across the whole province.
- By
- Austrian government
- Where
- Galicia (several countries)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Galicia (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ali Pasha's heavy taxation of wealthy Jews
Ali Pasha, governor of the area, imposed a heavy tax burden on the wealthy Jews during his rule.
- By
- Ali Pasha
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Ioannina (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Renewed heavy taxation under Francis I
During Francis I's reign the Jews suffered more troubles and were again heavily taxed.
- By
- Francis I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Mantua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ban on Jewish residence in the duchy of Gotha
Before 1848 Jews were not allowed to live in the duchy of Gotha and could trade there only under restrictions.
- By
- Duchy of Gotha
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Ban on shehitah under the kingdom of Saxony
The Saxon kingdom prohibited Jewish ritual slaughter, affecting the Chemnitz community until the end of 1918.
- By
- Kingdom of Saxony
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Pale of Settlement
Catherine the Great restricted Jewish residence in the Russian Empire to its western provinces. The Pale lasted, with later additional restrictions, until the Russian Revolution.
- By
- Empress Catherine II (Russian Empire)
- Where
- Pale of Settlement (several countries)
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Ghettoization2
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Jews evicted from private houses in Liberec
Jews were officially removed from private houses and assigned to special inns, in 1799 and again in 1810.
- By
- Authorities
- Where
- Liberec, Bohemia, Czech Republic
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Confinement of Jewish visitors to the "Jewish Inn" ghetto
Temporary Jewish visitors to Moscow were allowed to stay only in a designated house, which was locked at night and functioned as a ghetto.
- By
- Russian authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Moscow (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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False accusation (libel)2
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Blood libel cases in the Pale of Settlement
Several blood libel accusations were brought against Jews in the Pale of Settlement. Each investigation ended by showing the charge was false.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- Pale of Settlement (several countries)
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Blood Libel (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
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Spanish Inquisition
Established with papal approval, the Inquisition investigated and tried conversos (converted Jews and their descendants) suspected of secretly practising Judaism. Thousands were executed and many more punished.
- By
- Ferdinand II and Isabella I, with Pope Sixtus IV
- Where
- SpainSpanish Empire (several countries)
Wikipedia: Spanish Inquisition (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Spanish Inquisition”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Readmission / emancipation18
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Anti-Jewish restrictions in Augsburg eliminated
When Augsburg lost its special status and was incorporated into Bavaria, the anti-Jewish restrictions were in practice abolished.
- By
- Bavaria
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Jews allowed to live anywhere in Hanau
Residential restrictions on Jews were lifted, allowing them to live in any part of the town.
- By
- Unknown
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Louis Napoleon abolishes the Jewish oath "More Judaico"
During his reign, Louis Napoleon ended the discriminatory special oath for Jews in the courts, applying the same formula to Christians and Jews.
- By
- Louis Napoleon
- Where
- Netherlands
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Netherlands (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Nassau duchies abolish the Leibzoll
The duchies into which Nassau was divided abolished the special body toll on Jews.
- By
- Duchies of Nassau
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Citizenship rights secured for Jews of Courland
A Russian enactment of 1804 and the Courland legislature's resolutions of 1806 effectively gave the Jews of Courland citizenship rights.
- By
- Russian government and Courland legislature
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Equal rights for Jews under French rule in Dortmund
Under French rule the Jews of Dortmund gained equal rights.
- By
- French rule
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Dortmund (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Equality granted under Westphalian rule
Under the Westphalian government the Jews of the Hildesheim diocese enjoyed full liberty and equality with other inhabitants.
- By
- Kingdom of Westphalia
- Where
- Hildesheim, Lower Saxony, Germany
2 sources
About this entry
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Full citizenship for Jews under renewed French rule of Corfu
During the second period of French rule the Jews of Corfu again had full citizenship rights.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece
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Dortmund Jews enjoy French citizenship rights
For roughly the first fifteen years of the nineteenth century, Dortmund's Jews held the rights of French citizens.
- By
- French rule
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Dortmund (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ludwig X abolishes Leibzoll and permits Jews to own land
Under Ludwig X the body-toll was abolished and Jews were allowed to acquire real estate, paving the way for emancipation.
- By
- Ludwig X, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
- Where
- Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany
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Equal citizenship rights under French rule
After Geneva was annexed by France following the Revolution, Jews had equal rights of citizenship until 1814.
- By
- France
- Where
- Geneva, Switzerland
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Geneva (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jewish community of Besançon reestablished after the Revolution
Following the French Revolution, Jews were able to settle again in Besançon and the community was reconstituted, reaching 20 families by 1807.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Besançon, Franche-Comté, France
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Abolition of the Split ghetto
The ghetto in Split was abolished by the Napoleonic regime.
- By
- Napoleonic regime
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Temporary emancipation under French influence
Alessandria's Jews, along with other Italian Jews, enjoyed temporary civic emancipation during the period of French influence.
- By
- French authorities
- Where
- Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy
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Emancipation of Jews under French rule in Nice
The temporary reunion of Nice with France brought emancipation to the Jews.
- By
- France
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Jews of Mainz become free French citizens
Under French rule from 1792 to 1814, the Jews of Mainz were free citizens of France.
- By
- French Republic
- Where
- Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
2 sources
About this entry
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-
Expulsion of Jews from Portugal lifted in practice
The expulsion of Jews from Portugal (1497) was lifted in practice.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- Portugal
Wikipedia: Expulsions and exoduses of Jews (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Expulsion of Jews from Spain lifted in practice
The expulsion of Jews from Spain (31 March 1492) was lifted in practice.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- Spain
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