Expulsion1
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Partial expulsion of Jews from Warsaw
To curb the growth of the Jewish population, the Prussian authorities expelled part of the Jewish community from the city.
- By
- Prussian authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Warsaw (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Expulsions record persecution of Jews, not wrongdoing by Jews. Why this matters
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Massacre / pogrom6
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Anti-Jewish excesses in Urbino during the 1798 reaction
After the French revolutionary armies' influence receded, anti-Jewish violence and abuses occurred in Urbino.
- By
- Unknown
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Urbino (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Anti-Jewish harassment in Verona after Austrian restoration
After Austrian rule returned, priests stirred up hatred and Jews suffered insults and injuries, which continued despite a proclamation until a second one in 1799.
- By
- Christian population incited by priests
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Verona (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Nomad raids on the Jewish quarter of Ispahan under Fath Ali Shah
During Fath Ali Shah's reign, Illiat nomads repeatedly attacked the Jewish quarter, assaulting women, killing men, and looting and wrecking homes.
- By
- Illiats (Persian nomads)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Isfahan (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Guild attacks on Jewish moneylenders in Torun
In the latter half of the 18th century, members of the guilds attacked some Jews who lent money at interest to craftsmen together with guildmasters.
- By
- Guild members
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Toruń (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Haidamak massacres of Jews in Bershad
In the 18th century Haidamak gangs killed Jews of Bershad.
- By
- Haidamak gangs
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Bershad (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Frequent pogroms against the Jews of Meknès
After Meknès lost its status as capital in 1790, the Jewish community was repeatedly subjected to pogroms throughout the nineteenth century.
- By
- Unknown
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Meknes (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Discriminatory law15
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Austerlitz Jewish community ordered to pay tribute arrears
The Jewish community was ordered, under threat of legal enforcement, to pay arrears of 503 florins in tribute.
- By
- Unknown
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Slavkov u Brna (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Francis II limits Jewish settlement in Moravia
An imperial edict confined Jewish residence to 52 designated Jewish communities, keeping Jews out of other places.
- By
- Francis II
- Where
- Moravia, Czech Republic
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Moravia (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Heavy cash levy on Rome's Jews
Under the French regime the Jews had to hand over large sums in coin and bank-notes, plus many goods, on a few hours' notice.
- By
- French authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Rome (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Increased taxation and poll-tax on Jews in Warsaw
Jews faced heavier taxes, including a daily poll-tax on newcomers, a large annual Nahrungssteuer, and a Toleranzsteuer.
- By
- Prussian authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Warsaw (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Venetian Jews lose civil equality under Austria
Upon Austrian takeover of Venice, Jews lost the civil equality they had gained.
- By
- Austrian government
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Censorship of Jewish books established in Riga
Under Paul I a special censorship of Jewish books was set up, centered in Riga, with censors who reported on condemned books.
- By
- Russian government under Paul I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Protection of Jews repealed under Frederick William
Duke and elector Frederick William revoked the protection previously granted to Jews and imposed commercial and industrial obstacles.
- By
- Frederick William, duke and elector
- Where
- Stuttgart, Württemberg, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Stuttgart (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Authorities obstruct construction of Szeged synagogue
Because of opposition from the authorities, the synagogue planned for 1789 could not be built until 1803.
- By
- Local authorities
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Szeged (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Double taxation of Russian Jews, then special Jewish taxes
Jews had to pay double taxes for over two decades. When these were abolished, special Jewish taxes took their place.
- By
- Russian government
- Where
- Russian Empire (several countries)
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ali Pasha's heavy taxation of wealthy Jews
Ali Pasha, governor of the area, imposed a heavy tax burden on the wealthy Jews during his rule.
- By
- Ali Pasha
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Ioannina (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Renewed heavy taxation under Francis I
During Francis I's reign the Jews suffered more troubles and were again heavily taxed.
- By
- Francis I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Mantua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Strict regulations and residence limits on Dresden Jews
In the 18th century Jews in Dresden lived under strict regulations and had limited residence rights.
- By
- Saxon authorities
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Dresden (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Two-family limit on Jews in Soest continues in the 18th century
Throughout the 18th century the number of Jewish families permitted in Soest stayed restricted to two.
- By
- Authorities of Soest
- Where
- Soest, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Soest (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews denied free access to Besançon
From the late 17th to the late 18th century Jews were barred from entering the city freely, with only a few temporary residence permits granted to some merchants.
- By
- Authorities of Besançon
- Where
- Besançon, Franche-Comté, France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Besançon (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Pale of Settlement
Catherine the Great restricted Jewish residence in the Russian Empire to its western provinces. The Pale lasted, with later additional restrictions, until the Russian Revolution.
- By
- Empress Catherine II (Russian Empire)
- Where
- Pale of Settlement (several countries)
Wikipedia: Pale of Settlement (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Pale of Settlement”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Ghettoization1
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Confinement of Jewish visitors to the "Jewish Inn" ghetto
Temporary Jewish visitors to Moscow were allowed to stay only in a designated house, which was locked at night and functioned as a ghetto.
- By
- Russian authorities
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Moscow (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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False accusation (libel)3
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Imprisonment of Shneur Zalman of Lyady in St. Petersburg
The Chabad leader Shneur Zalman of Lyady was imprisoned in St. Petersburg during 1798 and again in 1800–01.
- By
- Russian authorities
- Where
- Saint Petersburg, Russia
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Saint Petersburg (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
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Ritual murder accusation against Jews of Smyrna (late 18th century)
Jews of Smyrna were accused of ritual murder in the latter part of the eighteenth century. The accusation was refuted.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- İzmir (Smyrna), Turkey
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): İzmir (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
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Spanish Inquisition
Established with papal approval, the Inquisition investigated and tried conversos (converted Jews and their descendants) suspected of secretly practising Judaism. Thousands were executed and many more punished.
- By
- Ferdinand II and Isabella I, with Pope Sixtus IV
- Where
- SpainSpanish Empire (several countries)
Wikipedia: Spanish Inquisition (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
This entry records a false accusation made against Jews. The accusation was untrue; it is recorded because of the persecution it caused. About false accusations
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Spanish Inquisition”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Destruction1
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Napoleon fines Jews and orders synagogue destroyed in Alexandria
During the French conquest at the end of the 18th century, Napoleon imposed heavy fines on Alexandria's Jews and ordered the ancient Elijah synagogue destroyed.
- By
- Napoleon
- Where
- Alexandria, Egypt
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Alexandria (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Readmission / emancipation21
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Austrian rule grants privileges to Padua's Jews
The Austrians, influenced by the spirit of Joseph II, granted the Jews far-reaching privileges, and some families were even ennobled.
- By
- Austrian government
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Padua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Cisrhenanes symbolically grant Jews of Bonn equal citizenship
A procession of Cisrhenanes cut down the gate of the Jewry in Bonn as a sign that Jews would henceforth be citizens with equal rights.
- By
- Cisrhenanes
- Where
- Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Bonn (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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French army abolishes Leibzoll in Nassau-Usingen
The French army abolished the degrading body tax on Jews in Nassau-Usingen.
- By
- French army
- Where
- Nassau-Usingen, Germany
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Nassau (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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French grant full citizenship to Jews of Pisa
With the arrival of the French, the Jews of Pisa were given full citizenship.
- By
- French
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Pisa (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ghetto gates of Mainz removed
The municipal council ordered the removal of the ghetto gates on September 12, 1798.
- By
- Municipal council of Mainz
- Where
- Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Mainz (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Ghetto gates torn down
The people of Mantua tore down the gates of the ghetto.
- By
- The people of Mantua
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Mantua (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews freed from the ghetto under French annexation
After annexation to France, Jews of Turin gained greater liberty and were no longer forced to live in the ghetto.
- By
- French Republic
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Turin (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews of Rome granted equal rights
After the French drove the pope out of Rome, Jews received equal rights and every earlier special law governing their status was repealed.
- By
- French occupying forces under General Berthier
3 sources
About this entry
Summary in Jistory's own words of facts from the Jewish Virtual Library, written with AI assistance. Not individually reviewed; the linked page is the authority. How entries are made
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Napoleonic decrees abolish the ghetto
Napoleon's decrees of December 1798 and February 1799 ended the ghetto system in Asti.
- By
- Napoleon / French authorities
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Asti (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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French armies demolish ghetto walls and grant equal rights
With the arrival of French revolutionary armies in Italy, ghetto walls were torn down and Jews were given equal rights.
- By
- French revolutionary armies
- Where
- Italy
2 sources
About this entry
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Full citizenship for Jews under French rule of Corfu
During the first period of French rule the Jews of Corfu enjoyed full rights of citizenship.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
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Russia permits Jews to reside in Courland
After annexing Courland, the Russian government resolved that Jews could live there, practise their trades, form kahals, build synagogues and be free from serfdom. Emperor Paul confirmed the resolutions in 1799.
- By
- Russian government under Emperor Paul
2 sources
About this entry
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Citizenship and municipal rights granted to Jews of Courland
During his reign Paul I gave the Jews of Courland citizenship and municipal rights, which they had previously been denied.
- By
- Paul I
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Russian Empire (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Ludwig X abolishes Leibzoll and permits Jews to own land
Under Ludwig X the body-toll was abolished and Jews were allowed to acquire real estate, paving the way for emancipation.
- By
- Ludwig X, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
- Where
- Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany
Jewish Encyclopedia (1906): Hesse (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Equal citizenship rights under French rule
After Geneva was annexed by France following the Revolution, Jews had equal rights of citizenship until 1814.
- By
- France
- Where
- Geneva, Switzerland
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Geneva (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jewish community of Besançon reestablished after the Revolution
Following the French Revolution, Jews were able to settle again in Besançon and the community was reconstituted, reaching 20 families by 1807.
- By
- French government
- Where
- Besançon, Franche-Comté, France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Besançon (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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-
Abolition of the Split ghetto
The ghetto in Split was abolished by the Napoleonic regime.
- By
- Napoleonic regime
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Split (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Temporary emancipation under French influence
Alessandria's Jews, along with other Italian Jews, enjoyed temporary civic emancipation during the period of French influence.
- By
- French authorities
- Where
- Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Alessandria (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Emancipation of Jews under French rule in Nice
The temporary reunion of Nice with France brought emancipation to the Jews.
- By
- France
Encyclopaedia Judaica: Nice (opens in a new tab)About this entry
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Jews of Mainz become free French citizens
Under French rule from 1792 to 1814, the Jews of Mainz were free citizens of France.
- By
- French Republic
- Where
- Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
2 sources
About this entry
Summary of the Jewish Encyclopedia (1906, public domain) article, drafted with AI and checked automatically against the article's own words. Not individually reviewed; the article is the authority. How entries are made
-
Expulsion of Jews from France lifted in practice
The expulsion of Jews from France (1394) was lifted in practice.
- By
- Unknown
- Where
- France
Wikipedia: Expulsions and exoduses of Jews (opens in a new tab) CC BY-SA licence (opens in a new tab)About this entry
Text adapted from Wikipedia, “Expulsions and exoduses of Jews”, by Wikipedia contributors. Lightly edited. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. article (opens in a new tab) · history (opens in a new tab) · CC BY-SA 4.0 (opens in a new tab) How entries are made
Historical summaries, partly AI-assisted and not individually reviewed, provided as is. They may contain errors; check the linked sources. How entries are made · Terms